Studies on the shootborer Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lep., Pyralidae). X. Observations on the egg parasite Trichogramma semifumatum (Perkins) (Hym.:Trichogrammatidae)
Grijpma, P., 1972: Studies on the shootborer Hypsipyla grandella (Zeller) (Lep., Pyralidae). X. Observations on the egg parasite Trichogramma semifumatum (Perkins) (Hym.:Trichogrammatidae). Turrialba 22(4): 398-402
During further studies in Costa Rica on Hypsipyla grandella (Zell.), eggs of the shootborer were found for the first time on Australian red cedar (Toona ciliata var. australis) in May 1971 in a field plot at Puente Cajon, Turrialba. However, the first-instar larvae died within 1-3 days of hatching, indicating that the tissues of this tree may contain some substance toxic to the larvae or may lack some substance essential for their development.Other references
Johnson, RW., 1993: Insectivory in the figbird Sphecotheres viridis. Sunbird. September; 233: 90-92